He insists on a firm foundation for knowledge in our direct experience of individual and contingent objects. He exhibits a general preference for parsimony and privileges minimalism in metaphysics while developing a highly sophisticated analysis of language and logic. Despite the risk of oversimplification, we can identify certain pervasive tendencies in his thought. Ockham’s body of work is remarkable, and not only because of the abrupt shift in his intellectual and political pursuits. Ockham was excommunicated in 1328 but never officially charged with heresy. He composed a second body of work on property and property rights, heresy, and the nature, origin, and relationship of temporal and spiritual power. Eventually convinced that John XXII was a heretic, Ockham fled Avignon in 1328 in the company of Michael of Cesena and other Franciscan leaders, finding protection at the court of Ludwig of Bavaria, the Holy Roman Emperor. Ockham waded into the debate, inaugurating an interest in politics and political philosophy that would occupy him exclusively until his death. John XXII argued that use entailed ownership the Franciscans argued that it did not. There, he was drawn into the current political crisis of the day between Pope John XXII and the Franciscan order on the question of who owned the property that the Franciscan order used (buildings, clothing, food, etc.). While waiting to incept as a magister with the right to teach in the faculty of theology at Oxford, he was summoned to the papal court at Avignon in 1324, where some of his doctrines were suspected of being heretical. He entered the Franciscan order as a young boy and then studied in Oxford and London, where he composed an extensive body of work on logic, natural philosophy, and theology in accordance with the academic requirements of the time. He was an innovative and controversial thinker who lived an extraordinarily eventful life. Paris: Letouzey et Ané.William of Ockham (b. c. 1287–d. 1347) is one of the giants of medieval philosophy. Dictionnaire de théologie catholique, 11.1 (pp. The concept of univocity regarding the predication of God and creature according to William of Ockham. The political thought of William of Ockham. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. The philosophy of William of Ockham in the light of its principles. William of Ockham died ‘impenitent’ in April 1347. The basis of morality according to William of Ockham. Force of words and figures of speech: the crisis over ‘Virtus sermonis’ in the fourteenth century. Zimmermann (Ed.), Sprache und Erkenntnis im Mittelalter, Miscellanea Mediaevalia 13.1 (pp. A modern prologue to Ockham’s natural philosophy. Walter Burleigh’s treatise De suppositionibus and its influence on William of Ockham. Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, 53, 442–449.īrown, S. Traditions relating to the death of William of Ockham. Bonaventure: The Franciscan Institute.īrampton, C. Buytaert (Ed.), Collected articles on Ockham (2nd ed.). Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.īeckman, J. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Īdams, M. Kilcullen (Eds.), “A letter to the Friars Minor” and other writings, Cambridge texts in the history of political thought (trans.: Kilcullen, J.). McGrade (Ed.), Short discourse on tyrannical government (trans.: Kilcullen, J.). Quodlibetal questions (trans.: Freddoso, A. Ockham on Aristotle’s physics, A translation of Ockham’ s Brevis Summa libri physicorum (trans.: Davies, J.). Predestination, God’s foreknowledge, and future contingents (2nd ed. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. Ockham’s theory of propositions: Part II of the “Summa logicae” (trans.: Freddoso, A. Ockham’s theory of terms: Part I of the “Summa logicae” (trans.: Loux, M. William of Ockham’s commentary on Porphyry (trans.: Kluge, E. Bonaventure: Editiones Instituti Franciscani Universitatis S. Opera philosophica et theologica (19 vols. Manchester: Manchester University Press.ĭe Ockham, G. Epistola ad fratres minores,Tractatus contra Ioannem, et Tractatus contra Benedictum. Octo quaestiones de potestate papae, An princeps pro suo succursu, scilicet guerrae, possit recipere bona ecclesiarum, etiam invite papa Consultatio de causa matrimoniali et Opus nonaginta dierum, cc.
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